Something Weird Happens When E=−mc²

Veritasium unpacks how Paul Dirac’s quest to fix the Schrödinger equation led him straight to the idea of negative energy—and ultimately antimatter. From the failings of the Klein–Gordon equation to the birth of the Dirac equation, you’ll see how mathematics predicted the positron and even suggested that antiparticles are just regular particles traveling backward in time.

Along the way, Derek Muller credits experts like Graham Farmelo and Cumrun Vafa, gives props to FSU and Caltech’s archives, and thanks sponsors (Hostinger) plus the Veritasium crew. The video is neatly split into chapters—covering uncertainty, the saddest chapter in modern physics, and the anti-world—making a mind-bending topic surprisingly digestible.

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